Growth, longevity, and reproduction of the whale shark are poorly understood. Studies looking at growth bands in their vertebrae have estimated whale shark lifespans at 80-130 years. Whale sharks are ovoviviporous and pregnant females can carry as many as 300 fertilized eggs at a time, but it is unknown where they give birth. Because they grow slow and mature later than other species, thier populations are particulalry vulnerable to losses from bycatch, vessel strikes, and poaching. Because of this, the species was listed as endangered in 2016.
In January of 2021, NOAA shark scientist, Dr. Eric Hoffmayer, and his team released a publication outlining the seasonal occurrence of whale sharks in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The team of researchers looked at more than 800 sharks that were sighted or tagged to try an understand thier travel patterns throughout the course of the year.
Data Activity
NOAA researchers compiled sighting and tracking information over 16 seasons and then created figures to illustrate patterns in the data. Study each of the following images and then answer the questions below.
Distribution by SeasonMigration Tracks
Discussion
Additional Information
Whale Sharks: The Gentle Giants of the Sea (50 minutes)
Tracking Whale Sharks in Indonesia (Interactive Website)
Author
Celia Cackowski, Virginia Sea Grant
Grade Level
6-12
Lesson Time
45 min
Objectives
Vocabulary
distribution, elasmobranch, ovoviviparous, endangered, migration
Materials Required
Sightings by Season
Distribution by Season
Migration Tracks
Natl. Science Standards
MS-ESS3-3 HS-LS2-7 HS-ESS3-4 HS-ETS1-1
Credits
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